What are the probabilities assigned by the classical method based on?

The correct answer is grounded in the concept that the classical method of assigning probabilities is based on the premise that all outcomes in a given scenario are equally likely to occur. This approach is often utilized in situations where the total number of possible outcomes is known and the outcomes are identical in terms of their chance of happening.

For example, when flipping a fair coin, there are two possible outcomes: heads or tails. The classical method recognizes that, under ideal conditions, both outcomes have an equal likelihood of occurring, leading to a probability of 0.5 for each result. This method is particularly effective in games of chance and situations modeled by combinatorial logic, given the assumption that no bias affects the probabilities.

The other options present different probability assignments that do not align with the classical method. Experimental results would correspond more to the empirical approach to probability, which relies on observed outcomes rather than the theoretical equality of possibilities. Subjective opinions pertain to personal judgment rather than a mathematical framework for probability assignment. Statistical reviews of past data relate to a frequentist approach, where probabilities are based on the relative frequency of historical occurrences, rather than the fundamental tenet of equal likelihood inherent in the classical method.