Which of the following is true regarding experimental outcomes and assigned probabilities?

The correct answer focuses on the fundamental principles governing probabilities in the context of experimental outcomes. In probability theory, each assigned probability must adhere to the basic requirement that probabilities range from 0 to 1.

A probability of 0 indicates that an event is impossible, while a probability of 1 signifies that the event is certain to occur. For any specific experimental outcome, the probability must be a number that lies within this interval. This ensures that when considering all possible outcomes of an experiment, the most extreme situation occurs when the total probability is exactly 1, implying that one of the possible outcomes will happen.

The other statements are inconsistent with the principles of probability: probabilities cannot be negative, they should sum to exactly 1 (not greater), and they cannot exceed 1, which reinforces the significance of maintaining the range between 0 and 1 for each individual outcome. This foundational understanding of probabilities is crucial in ensuring coherent and mathematically valid probability assignments in any given experiment or analysis.